Saturated and Unsaturated Hydrocarbons

Definitions of organic compounds. Fatty acids are long chain hydrocarbons with carboxyl groups COOH groups.

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Alkynes are also unsaturated hydrocarbon carbons like same as.

. Z16 gases petroleum C 3-C 4 isobutane-rich a complex combination of hydrocarbons - obtained from the distillation of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons having carbon numbers predominantly in the range of C 3 through C 6 predominantly butane and isobutane - consisting of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons having carbon numbers. Saturated hydrocarbons contain carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen single bonds. These fatty acids can be classified into saturated or unsaturated based on the number of double bonds present in the fatty acid.

For a branched unsaturated acyclic hydrocarbon the parent chain is the longest carbon chain that contains the maximum number of double and triple bonds. Saturated fatty acids contain only single bond between the carbon atoms and are tend to be solids at room temperature. R-CH 2-CH 2-R.

No hydrogen pair is missing if IHD 0 which corresponds to. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are alkenes and alkynes which have one carbon-carbon double bond and one carbon-carbon triple bond respectively. C n H 2n2.

An organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are hydrocarbons that have double or triple covalent bonds between adjacent carbon atomsThe term unsaturated means more hydrogen atoms may be added to the hydrocarbon to make it saturated ie. Alkanes hydrocarbons in which all the bonds are single have molecular formulas that satisfy the general expression C n H 2n 2 where n is an integer.

Main groups of hydrocarbons. If there are two or more chains competing for selection. It is subtracted in the formula to count how many pairs of hydrogen atoms are missing in the unsaturated structure which tells us the degree of hydrogen deficiency.

Aliphatic compounds may be saturated eg hexane and other alkanes or unsaturated eg hexene and other alkenes as well as alkynes. Consisting all single bonds. Examples include alkanes and cycloalkanes.

Contain fewer hydrogens than the corresponding saturated hydrocarbons. In addition to hydrogen other elements may be bound to the carbon atoms in the chain including oxygen nitrogen chlorine and sulfur. On the other hand if carbon atoms.

Alkanes and alkenes both form homologous series of hydrocarbons but. Properties of Aliphatic Hydrocarbons. If different carbon atoms are joined together to form open chain of carbon atoms with single bonds they are termed as alkanes as you have already studied in Unit 12.

Alkanes are saturated their carbon atoms are only joined by C-C single bonds. Polymeric isoprenoid hydrocarbons have also been identified. The general representation of alkane is C n H 2n2 in case of non-cyclic structures.

For hydrocarbons the DBE or IHD tells us the number of rings andor extra bonds in a non-saturated structure. They contain sp 2 or sp hybridized carbons. All carbon atoms are sp 3 hybridized in these compounds.

The double bonds in the unsaturated compounds listed on the right are all cis or Z. This is the maximum HC ratio for a given number of carbon atoms. The simplest aliphatic hydrocarbon is methane CH 4.

Unsaturated hydrocarbons are more reactive than saturated hydrocarbons and usually fewer hydrogen atoms can be seen in bonds with carbon atoms. Alkenes are unsaturated. Contain more hydrogen atoms than the corresponding unsaturated hydrocarbons.

An unsaturated hydrocarbon that contains at least one carboncarbon double bond with the general formula C n H 2n. Natural fatty acids may be saturated or unsaturated and as the following data indicate the saturated acids have higher melting points than unsaturated acids of corresponding size. Alkanes - saturated hydrocarbons The names of the straight chain saturated hydrocarbons for up to a 12 carbon chain are shown below.

The configuration of an unsaturated carbons include straight chain such as alkenes and alkynes as well as branched. Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons means they formed by a single bond in between the carbon atoms. There are four bonds for each carbon atom in alkane C- H or C- C bond are possible one.

The molecular formulas of these unsaturated hydrocarbons reflect the multiple bonding of the functional groups. Alkanes and cycloalkanes are termed saturated. Ii unsaturated and iii aromatic hydrocarbons.

Alkanes are described as saturated hydrocarbons while alkenes alkynes and aromatic hydrocarbons are said to be unsaturated. An acyclic saturated hydrocarbon with the general formula C n H 2n2Also called paraffin.

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